Tuesday, December 31, 2019

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How 2019 changed the Kashmir dispute forever

Watershed year saw abrogation of special status and later bifurcation amid crippling curfew and communications blackout.

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Extreme speed biking: Colombian teens' deadly rides

Colombian teens are speeding at 100 km per hour in a souped-up version of the US's Gravity Biking to forget their woes.

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In Pictures: New Year celebrations around the world

From North Korea to New York city, revellers welcome 2020 with parties, fireworks and dancing.

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Chinese Startup Mobike Lost More Than 200,000 Bikes in 2019

Chinese startup Mobike has announced that it lost more than 200,000 bikes in 2019. From a report: The company said in a blog that 205,600 "dockless" bikes were lost to theft and vandalism. In 2018, it pulled out of Manchester after a series of incidents. Shared dockless bikes, which are hired via an app, have become commonplace in cities worldwide over the last few years. Companies like Uber, Lime and Ofo have all put shared bikes on city streets, as have some local councils. In China, thousands of shared bikes have ended up in huge scrapheaps, leading to questions about whether there is demand for them.

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President Macron breaks silence on pension protests in France

Four weeks of protests on pension reforms have crippled rail systems and services in France.

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Death toll rises as bushfires spread across Australia

Third death confirmed on Wednesday bringing the number of victims killed to 12 during the months-long bushfires.

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Microsoft Proposes AI That Improves When You Smile

Positive affectivity, or the characteristic that describes how people experience affects (e.g., sensations, emotions, and sentiments) and interact with others as a result, has been linked to increased interest and curiosity as well as satisfaction in learning. Inspired by this, a team of Microsoft researchers propose imbuing reinforcement learning, an AI training technique that employs rewards to spur systems toward goals, with positive affect, which they assert might drive exploration useful in gathering experiences critical to learning. From a report: As the researchers explain, reinforcement learning is commonly implemented via policy-specific rewards designed for a predefined goal. Problematically, these extrinsic rewards are narrow in scope and can be difficult to define, as opposed to intrinsic rewards that are task-independent and quickly indicate success or failure. In pursuit of an intrinsic policy, the researchers developed a framework comprising mechanisms motivated by human affect -- one that motivates agents by drives like delight. Using a computer vision system that models the reward and another system that uses data to solve multiple tasks, it measures human smiles as positive affect. The framework encourages agents to explore virtual or real-world environments without getting into perilous situations, and it has the advantage of being agnostic to any specific machine intelligence application. A positive intrinsic reward mechanism predicts human smile responses as the exploration evolves, while a sequential decision-making framework learns a generalizable policy. As for the positive intrinsic affect model, it changes the action selection such that it biases actions providing better intrinsic rewards, and a final component uses data collected during the agent's exploration to build representations for visual recognition and understanding tasks.

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Hong Kong Protest: Thousands Expected to March on New Year’s Day

A holiday tradition in Hong Kong — a pro-democracy rally — could inject new momentum into the protest movement after weeks of calm.

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Taiwan leader spurns China's offer to unify under Hong Kong model

Tsai Ing-wen, who is seeking re-election in a January 11 vote, promises to safeguard island's freedom and democracy.

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US to deploy 750 more troops to Iraq after Baghdad embassy attack

US President Trump blames Iran for protesters storming US embassy compound in Baghdad as he calls on Iraq for support.

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Ubisoft Uses AI To Teach a Car To Drive Itself in a Racing Game

An anonymous reader shares a report: Reinforcement learning, an AI training technique that employs rewards to drive software policies toward goals, has been applied successfully to domains from industrial robotics to drug discovery. But while firms including OpenAI and Alphabet's DeepMind have investigated its efficacy in video games like Dota 2, Quake III Arena, and StarCraft 2, few to date have studied its use under constraints like those encountered in the game industry. That's presumably why Ubisoft La Forge, game developer Ubisoft's eponymous prototyping space, proposed in a recent paper an algorithm that's able to handle discrete, continuous video game actions in a "principled" and predictable way. They set it loose on a "commercial game" (likely The Crew or The Crew 2, though neither is explicitly mentioned) and report that it's competitive with state-of-the-art benchmark tasks. "Reinforcement Learning applications in video games have recently seen massive advances coming from the research community, with agents trained to play Atari games from pixels or to be competitive with the best players in the world in complicated imperfect information games," wrote the coauthors of a paper describing the work. "These systems have comparatively seen little use within the video game industry, and we believe lack of accessibility to be a major reason behind this. Indeed, really impressive results ... are produced by large research groups with computational resources well beyond what is typically available within video game studios." The Ubisoft team, then, sought to devise a reinforcement learning approach that'd address common challenges in video game development. They note that data sample collection tends to be a lot slower generally, and that there exist time budget constraints over the runtime performance of agents.

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How the On-Demand Economy Reshaped Cities

Since 2010, a slew of on-demand companies and technologies have managed to use consumer data to transform the commercial significance of urban living. From a report: Historically, one of the great economic benefits of urban life is having access to jobs, schooling, goods, and services without needing to travel very far. But digital platforms that aggregate consumer demand are making physical density less important. Uber and Airbnb, the killer apps of the 2010s, exemplify this change. Once upon a time, visitors needed to flock to quarters where a city's supply of hotel accommodations and other tourist amenities were physically consolidated, usually downtown. If you needed a ride, you used to call the taxi company directly, or flag down one of the cabs that served that area. Now we transmit our demands for trips and beds as data from wherever we are, rather than direct interactions that depend on physical nearness. Uber and Airbnb consolidate our requests with those of a sea of other users, set prices, offer us suppliers, and dispatch them to us. The apps are creating their own agglomerations of demand, networks that are held together via digital ligaments instead of actual proximity. Kevin Webb, a transportation data expert, points out that Amazon works the same way, building off the big-box store model that came before it: Instead of physically traveling to an area where you can buy tennis balls, shampoo, and a can of tomato paste at three different but close-together shops, its shopping algorithms mean that it can stash those items on a single warehouse shelf thousands of miles away. What does this shift mean? On-demand platforms have made certain kinds of goods and services more convenient, affordable, and accessible for customers across the income, age, and race spectrums. New places and things opened up for new markets. But the less-desirable consequences of replacing physical marketplaces with digital bundles of demand have been major. As ride-hailing emerged, the taxi industry in most cities has been gutted; in many others, traffic congestion has spiked and transit ridership has declined. Thanks to online short-term rentals, traditional hotels have seen a declining share of travelers opting for their wares and neighborhood housing shortages have been exacerbated by hosts who rent to Airbnb guests rather than full-time tenants. In some cases, once-residential neighborhoods have been emptied of locals and turned into streets of rentable ghost hotels.

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Bolivia Expels 3 Diplomats in Tiff With Mexico and Spain Over Morales Aides

The caretaker president accused the Mexican ambassador and two Spanish diplomats of breaking norms by aiding former officials linked to Evo Morales, the ousted president.

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North Korea's Kim ends freeze of nuclear and missile tests

North Korean leaders says Pyongyang will show 'new strategic weapon' soon as he denounces US 'gangster-like demands'.

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New technology: Are we trading our privacy for convenience?

How the same devices we happily carry in our pockets are being weaponised against us.

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Police fire tear gas as Hong Kong rings in New Year

Protesters at the harbourfront counted down chanting 'Ten! Nine! Liberate Hong Kong, revolution now!'.

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IRS Reforms Free File Program, Drops Agreement Not To Compete With TurboTax

Finding free online tax filing should be easier this year for millions of Americans. From a report: The IRS announced significant changes Monday to its deal with the tax prep software industry. Now companies are barred from hiding their free products from search engines such as Google, and a years-old prohibition on the IRS creating its own online filing system has been scrapped. The addendum to the deal, known as Free File, comes after ProPublica's reporting this year on how the industry, led by TurboTax maker Intuit, has long misled taxpayers who are eligible to file for free into paying. Under the nearly two-decade-old Free File deal, the industry agreed to make free versions of tax filing software available to lower- and middle-income Americans. In exchange, the IRS promised not to compete with the industry by creating its own online filing system. Many developed countries have such systems, allowing most citizens to file their taxes for free. The prohibition on the IRS creating its own system was the focus of years of lobbying by Intuit. The industry has seen such a system as an existential threat. Now, with the changes to the deal, the prohibition has been dropped. The addendum also expressly bars the companies from "engaging in any practice" that would exclude their Free File offerings "from an organic internet search." ProPublica reported in April that Intuit and H&R Block had added code to their Free File pages that hid them from Google and other search engines, diverting many users to the companies' paid products. "The improved process will make Free File stronger and give taxpayers another reason to consider this valuable software option," IRS Commissioner Chuck Rettig said in a statement. The agency hopes the changes will make the free option more accessible for taxpayers in the 2020 filing season, he said.

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Trump Signs Traced Act Into Law in Bid To Help Put an End To Robocalls

The fight against annoying robocalls just got another boost. This week President Trump signed the Traced Act into law, giving government agencies and law enforcement officials more weapons to go after individuals and companies who break telephone consumer-protection laws. From a report: The bi-partisan legislation was previously approved by the House and Senate, respectively, earlier this month before arriving on the president's desk. Crafted by Sens. John Thune, a Republican from South Dakota, and Ed Markey, a Democrat from Massachusetts, among the act's features are an increase in penalties for those scammers who knowingly initiate illegal robocalls and the requirement that phone companies authenticate calls to determine if the number calling you is real. As part of a Federal Communications Commission push, major wireless carriers and home phone providers have been implementing a verification process known as STIR/SHAKEN throughout 2019 to authenticate calls and fight spammers. In addition to raising penalties and pushing for authentication, the bill also gives regulators like the FCC and the Federal Trade Commission four years to go after scammers, as opposed to the one-year statute of limitations that was previously in place.

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North Korea Is No Longer Bound by Nuclear Test Moratorium, Kim Says

Kim Jong-un said North Korea was free of a self-imposed pause on testing nuclear weapons and long-range missiles, which President Trump had called a diplomatic victory.

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North Korea Is No Longer Bound by Nuclear Test Moratorium, Kim Says

Kim Jong-un said North Korea was free of a self-imposed pause on testing nuclear weapons and long-range missiles, which President Trump had called a diplomatic victory.

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North Korea strategy shift expected after nuclear talks stall

North Korean leader Kim's New Year speech may unveil key policy changes to ease sanctions, say geopolitical analysts.

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Central African Republic clashes: United Nations adds more troops

After fighting between traders and fighters broke out over a dispute in Bangui, 40 people die.

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Iraqi protesters attempt to storm US embassy in Baghdad

Attempted embassy storming took place after US airstrikes that killed 25 fighters from Iran-backed Shia group in Iraq.

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A decade in the Asia-Pacific region: 2010 to 2019

2019 marks the end of a decade defined by natural disasters, political upheavals and mass displacements in the region.

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Iraq Protesters Try to Storm U.S. Embassy in Baghdad

Tensions are high after American airstrikes killed more than two dozen members of an Iranian-backed militia.

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Residents flee towards the sea as Australian bushfires intensify

About 4,000 residents from Mallacoota town fled to waterside as winds pushed wildfire towards their homes.

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Migrant in Libya relives brutal detention through sketches

Libya̢۪s migrant detention centres are rife with abuse and have got caught in the crossfire of the country̢۪s civil war.

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PM Khan launches healthcare scheme for transgender Pakistanis

Khan said his government was resolute in protecting the transgender population in Pakistan.

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Monday, December 30, 2019

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Iran seizes ship, arrests 16 Malaysian crew members: state TV

State television says Revolutionary Guards confiscated 1.3 million litres of 'smuggled fuel' from unnamed vessel.

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Your Tuesday Briefing

Carlos Ghosn, Brexit, Cyprus: Here’s what you need to know.

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We, the Rohingya youth, demand our right to an education

The world needs to stop viewing us as victims and help us gain the tools we need to forge a new path for Myanmar.

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ProtonMail Takes Aim at Google With an Encrypted Calendar

Encrypted email provider ProtonMail has officially launched its new calendar in public beta. The move is part of the Swiss company's broader push to offer privacy-focused alternatives to Google's key products. From a report: ProtonMail has been talking about its plans to launch an encrypted calendar for a while. But starting from today, all ProtonMail users on a paid plan will be able to access ProtonCalendar, and it will be opened to everyone when it exits beta in 2020. "Our goal is to create and make widely accessible online products [that] serve users instead of exploiting them," said ProtonMail CEO Andy Yen. ProtonMail hasn't set out to reinvent the wheel in terms of the features and format of ProtonCalendar. It sports a clean interface with views by month and day, color-coded event types, and so on. It is also tied to a user's ProtonMail email account.

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The Best Movies and TV Shows New to Netflix, Amazon and Stan in Australia in January

Our picks for January, including “Bojak Horseman,” “Uncut Gems” and “True History of the Kelly Gang.”

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Nine years for 'subversion': Protestant pastor convicted in China

Wang Yi had led Early Rain Covenant Church and was arrested a year ago in a crackdown on unauthorised religious groups.

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North Korea's Kim calls for 'military countermeasures'

Kim spoke for seven hours before members of the ruling Workers' Party and warn of 'protracted' struggle ahead.

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Huawei's Revenue Hits Record $122B in 2019 Despite U.S. Sanctions

Huawei reported resilient revenue for 2019 on Tuesday as the embattled Chinese technology group continues to grow despite prolonged American campaign against its business, but cautioned that growth next year could prove more challenging. From a report: Eric Xu, Huawei's rotating chairman, wrote in a New Year's message to employees that the company's revenue has topped 850 billion Chinese yuan ($122 billion) this year, a new record high for the Chinese group and an 18% increase over the previous year. Xu said Huawei, the second largest smartphone maker globally, sold 240 million handsets this year, up from 206 million last year. "These figures are lower than our initial projections, yet business remains solid and we stand strong in the face of adversity," he wrote. He acknowledged that Huawei is confronting a "strategic and long-term" campaign against its business by the U.S. government. If the campaign persists for long, it would create even more "difficult" environment for the 32-year-old firm to "survive and thrive," he said.

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Putin Thanks Trump for Helping Russia Thwart Terrorist Attack

The Russian president called the American president to thank him for a tip about an attack said to be aimed at St. Petersburg.

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Climate Change and Political Chaos: A Deadly Mix in Honduras Dengue Epidemic

Rising temperatures are increasing the range of disease-bearing mosquitoes globally. But in Honduras, the effects are compounded by government dysfunction and criminal gangs.

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Microsoft Takes Down 50 Domains Operated by North Korean Hackers

Microsoft announced today that it successfully took down 50 web domains previously used by a North Korean government-backed hacking group. From a report: The OS maker said the 50 domains were used to launch cyberattacks by a group the company has been tracking as Thallium (also known as APT37). Microsoft said the Digital Crimes Unit (DCU) and the Microsoft Threat Intelligence Center (MSTIC) teams have been monitoring Thallium for months, tracking the group's activities, and mapping its infrastructure. On December 18, the Redmond-based company filed a lawsuit against Thallium in a Virginia court. Shortly after Christmas, US authorities granted Microsoft a court order, allowing the tech company to take over 50 domains that the North Korean hackers have been using as part of their attacks. The domains were used to send phishing emails and host phishing pages.

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Al-Shabaab claims deadly attack in Somalia's Mogadishu

Armed group says it was targeting a Turkish convoy while government says it was planned 'by a foreign country'.

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Uber, Postmates Sue California to Block Gig-Worker Law

Uber and Postmates sued the state of California, alleging that a labor rights law set to go into effect this week is unconstitutional. From a report: The lawsuit filed Monday in Los Angeles federal court is a preemptive strike against the state's landmark measure designed to ensure gig workers receive employment protections. Uber and Postmates argue the legislative process around California's Assembly Bill 5 unfairly targeted gig economy companies while favoring other industries and that the law will threaten workers' flexibility. The passage of A.B. 5, which takes effect Wednesday, has set in motion a bitter dispute about the rights of Uber drivers, food couriers and other people who derive their income from apps made in Silicon Valley working as independent contractors. Uber and Postmates say it's arbitrary that direct salespeople, travel agents, grant writers, construction truck drivers, commercial fishermen and others are exempted from the law. "There is no rhyme or reason to these nonsensical exemptions, and some are so ill-defined or entirely undefined that it is impossible to discern what they include or exclude," according to the complaint.

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Hong Kong's year of protest set to continue into 2020

Protests that began in June over a now-shelved extradition bill likely to continue without political response.

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American Airstrikes Rally Iraqis Against U.S.

Iraqi leaders say the United States violated Iraqi sovereignty with attacks that killed 24 people in retaliation for the death of an American contractor.

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In Indonesia, Outlaw Gold Miners Poison Themselves to Survive

One large mining company is trying to shut illegal operations, which use mercury. The small-scale miners say there’s no other way to earn a living.

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Iraq: Operations resume at Nasiriya oilfield closed over protests

Iraq's oil ministry says temporary closure of the oilfield since Saturday did not affect country's oil exports.

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How Afghan officials are tackling Kabul's 'hazardous' pollution

Authorities launch crackdown on local businesses thought to be the main contributors to air pollution in capital city.

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A 7-Eleven in Japan Might Close for a Day. Yes, That’s a Big Deal.

In a dispute captivating a country of workaholics, Mitoshi Matsumoto says the company is threatening to rescind his franchise after he complained about draconian work hours.

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Sisters in arms: The families fighting femicide in France

As femicide rates rise in France, a collective of women is tracking the victims and demanding an end to the violence.

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Three-fold rise in attacks on children in war areas since 2010

UN verifies 170,000 violations against children, including killing, in conflicts in 10 years - equivalent of 45 a day.

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What did Duterte's martial law achieve in Mindanao?

Military rule over the island, which will end tomorrow, did nothing but deepen the suffering of the local population.

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CNBC Reports Open Source Software Has Essentially 'Taken Over the World'

Slashdot reader DevNull127 writes: CNBC Explores released a 14-minute documentary this month called "The Rise Of Open-Source Software." It's already racked up 558,802 views on YouTube, arguing that open-source software "has essentially taken over the world. Companies in every industry, from Walmart to Exxon Mobile to Verizon, have open-sourced their projects. Microsoft has completely changed its point of view, and is now seen as a leader in the space. And in 2016 the U.S. government even promised to open-source at least 20% of all its new custom-developed code." The documentary does mention the 1990s, when Microsoft "even went so far as to call Open Source 'Unamerican' and bad for intellectual property rights." But two and a half minutes in, they also tell the famous story of that 1970s printer jam at MIT which led to the purchase of a proprietary printer that inspired Richard Stallman to quit his job to develop the GNU operating system and spearhead the free software movement. And at three and a half minutes in, they also describe how Linus Torvalds "unceremoniously released" Linux in 1991, and report that "By the turn of the century, NASA, Dell, and IBM were all using it." And at 4:18, they mention "other open source projects" gaining popularity, including MySQL, Perl, and Apache. "But for the layperson at the turn of the century, the rise of these technologies could have gone unnoticed. After all, hardly anyone ran Linux on their personal computers. But then in 2008, Google released Android devices, which ran on a modified version of Linux. Suddenly the operating system blew up the smartphone market..." (Chen Goldberg, Google's Director of Engineering, cites 2.5 billion active Android devices.) The documentary then traces the open source movement up through our current decade, even mentioning Microsoft's acquisition of GitHub, IBM's acquisition of Red Hat, and various monetization models (including GitHub's new "Sponsors" program). And it ends with the narrator calling open source development "the new norm..." "After all, the success of Open Source reveals that collaboration and knowledge-sharing are more than just feel-good buzzwords. They're an effective business strategy. And if we're going to solve some of the world's biggest problems, many believe that we can't afford to hoard our resources and learnings." Here's a list (in order of appearance) of the people interviewed: Nat Friedman, CEO of GitHubDevon Zuegel, Open-Source Product Manager, GitHubChris Wright, CTO of Red HatJim Zemlin, Executive Director of the Linux FoundationFeross Aboukhadijeh, Open-Source MaintainerChen Goldberg, Google's Director of Engineering Jim Zemlin, Executive Director of the Linux Foundation, even tells CNBC that 10,000 lines of code are added to Linux every day. "It is by far the highest-velocity, the most effective software development process in the history of computing... As the idea of sharing technology and collaborating collectively expands, we're moving into open hardware initiatives, data-sharing initiatives. And that's really going to be the future... "The complexity of building these technologies isn't going down, it's only going up. We can get that technology out there faster when everybody works together."

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China Sentences Wang Yi, Christian Pastor, to 9 Years in Prison

The founder of one of China’s largest unregistered churches was given a lengthy sentence for what the government called subversion of state power.

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Chinese Scientist Who Genetically Edited Babies Gets 3 Years in Prison

He Jiankui’s work was also carried out on a third infant, according to China’s state media, in a new disclosure that is likely to add to the global uproar over such experiments.

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Sunday, December 29, 2019

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Somalia attack: Turkey treats, airlifts wounded to its hospitals

Somali president blames al-Shabab armed group for Saturday attack after truck detonates at checkpoint.

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China 'gene-editing' scientist sentenced to three years in jail

Court says Shenzhen-based He Jiankui 'crossed the line' with his work after women gave birth to gene-edited babies.

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Ukraine, Huawei, Soccer: Your Monday Briefing

Here’s what you need to know.

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How the US made the so-called 'safe third countries' unsafe

Despite Donald Trump's claims, Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador are everything but safe.

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Head of UN-recognised gov't in Libya asks world leaders for help

Months of fighting take toll on southern Tripoli, with hundreds of civilians killed or wounded and 140,000 people fleeing homes after Haftar launches offensive in April.

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Left Behind by Migrant Husbands, Women Break the Rules and Go to Work

Wives are shocking their traditional West African villages by earning money and running large households while their husbands are in Europe seeking jobs.

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Thousands urged to evacuate in Australia as fire risk rises

States including Victoria, New South Wales and South Australia at heightened risk from high temperatures, strong winds.

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Kids on pause: Why young people in Taiwan prefer pets

Demands of traditional culture mean young people in Taiwan find it easier to keep pets than marry and have children.

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Rector Says There Is a 50% Chance That Notre Dame Cathedral Will Not Be Saved

McGruber quotes the Associated Press: The rector of Notre Dame Cathedral says the Paris landmark is still so fragile that there's a "50% chance" the structure might not be saved, because scaffolding installed before this year's fire is threatening the vaults of the Gothic monument... "Today it is not out of danger," he told The Associated Press on the sidelines of Christmas Eve midnight Mass in a nearby church. "It will be out of danger when we take out the remaining scaffolding... Today we can say that there is maybe a 50% chance that it will be saved. There is also 50% chance of scaffolding falling onto the three vaults, so as you can see the building is still very fragile," he said... "We need to remove completely the scaffolding in order to make the building safe, so in 2021 we will probably start the restoration of the cathedral," Chauvet said. "Once the scaffolding is removed we need to assess the state of the cathedral, the quantity of stones to be removed and replaced." Chauvet estimated it would take another three years after that to make it safe enough for people to re-enter the cathedral, but that the full restoration will take longer.

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Microsoft Wants Schoolchildren Playing Minecraft To Learn Math

Long-time Slashdot reader theodp writes: A Microsoft blog post notes the company has lined up K-12 educators to sing the praises of Minecraft Education Edition at the Future of Education Technology Conference, where it'll also be pitching Microsoft Education in general. A 2019 Recap of Minecraft: Education Edition (and an accompanying video) highlight Microsoft's success in getting teachers to use Minecraft to teach subjects across the K-12 curriculum, not just Hour of Code tutorials. Microsoft's ambitions for Minecraft were tipped in a 2015 press release, which included the lofty claim that "Minecraft has the power to transform learning on a global scale...." There are some teacher walkthrough videos available for review, like the unlisted one for Math Bed Wars! , a Common Core-aligned Minecraft-based lesson that teaches multiplication commutativity ("Students build arrays to show commutative properties of multiplication while constructing defenses as part of a Minecraft mini-game"). The lesson plan for Math Bed Wars! warns that children who fail to get enough hands-on Minecraft play time aren't likely to get much of a math education: "While there is not much actually doing of math in the section of the lesson plan, it is by far the most important. It is in the game play where they get its meaning, and deeper thinking happens. For example, they will start thinking how to use math to build strategically. However, the most important part is what it does for the students' engagement across math. So please give them at least 30 minutes of game play, even if you have to break up the lesson into two days." Is it okay for schools to make children play Microsoft Minecraft if the kids want to learn math and other subjects?

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